Kasuwannin Hasashe a Kotun Koli: Crypto.com da Robinhood Suna Bukatar Karin Haske

Yakin da ake yi kan matsayin doka na kasuwannin hasashe a Amurka ya kai wani muhimmin zafi. Manyan 'yan wasa a masana'antu, ciki har da Crypto.com da Robinhood Markets, sun shigar da kara a Kotun Koli ta Amurka don warware wani rikici na yanki da ke karuwa. Ainihin batun shi ne ko masu kula da caca na jihohi suna da iko kan cinikayyar kwangilolin abubuwa, ko kuma waɗannan kasuwanni suna ƙarƙashin ikon tarayya na Hukumar Kula da Cinikayyar Kayayyaki (CFTC). Dandalolin suna jayayya cewa abubuwan da suke bayarwa ba su ne caca ba amma dai kayayyakin kuɗi masu rikitarwa waɗanda Dokar Cinikayyar Kayayyaki (CEA) ta kare.

Babban gardamar na wakiltar barazana ga masana'antu. Siffa a matsayin caca zai buƙaci dandamali kamar Kalshi da Polymarket su sami lasisi daban-daban a kowace jiha, wani tsari wanda ke da tsada kuma yana da nauyi ta fuskar doka. A halin yanzu, lamarin ya fi rikitarwa ta hanyar rashin jituwa ta siyasa. Gwamnatin Trump na neman ci gaba da ikon tarayya kan waɗannan kasuwanni, yayin da wata kawancen jam'iyyu 44 na manyan lauyoyi na jihohi ke fafutukar kare ikon jihohi kan caca. Wannan bambancin ya haifar da yanayin doka wanda ke hana kirkire-kirkire kuma ya bar masu aiki da masu amfani a cikin yanayin rashin tabbas.

Lambobi da Facts

Sanarwar doka na wannan rikici ita ce Dokar Cinikayyar Kayayyaki ta 1936, wacce ta kafa tsarin doka ga CFTC. Dokar, wacce aka yi mata gyare-gyare sau da yawa, tana ba da iko ga CFTC don buga dokoki a cikin Sashe na 17 na Kundin Dokokin Tarayya. Gaggawar shiga kotun koli ta samo asali ne daga rashin jituwa a cikin hukunce-hukuncen kotunan ƙasa. Kotun daukaka kara ta Amurka ta Gundumar 3 ta 3 ta kada kuri'a 2-1 don hana New Jersey aiwatar da dokokinta na caca ta wasanni akan Kalshi. Sabanin haka, Kotun daukaka kara ta 9 ta yanke hukunci a makon da ya gabata don goyon bayan masu kula da Nevada, inda ta tilasta wa Kalshi rufe ayyukanta na gida nan take.

Siffofin kalmomi har yanzu babban batu ne na gardama. Masu kula da caca suna jayayya cewa kasuwannin hasashe suna amfani da kalmomin fare sosai don jawo hankalin abokan ciniki yayin da suke ikirarin a kotu cewa ba su ne dandamali na caca ba. Dylan Hedtler-Gaudette, mataimakin shugaban manufofin a Hukumar Kula da Gwamnati, ya bayyana cewa wannan ba batun jam'iyya kawai ba ne amma muhimmin tambaya ce ta tarayya. Idan an ayyana kwangilolin caca ta wasanni a matsayin "musanyawa," to suna ƙarƙashin ikon CFTC. Idan an siffanta su a matsayin fare, to suna ƙarƙashin tsauraran dokoki da aka kafa waɗanda jihohi suka yi amfani da su ga gidajen caca da wuraren gudu na tsawon shekaru.

Tarihi

Binciken ya ja hankali sosai saboda shigar manyan mutane. Donald Trump Jr., ɗan tsohon shugaban kasar, ya shiga Kalshi a matsayin mashawarci na dabaru a 2025 kuma yana da hannun jari a kamfanin. Hakan na sanya matsayin gwamnatin a tsakanin hamayya da lauyoyi janar na jam’iyyar Republican da dama wadanda ke ganin kariya ga jihohi a matsayin mafi muhimmanci. Howard Fischer, wani abokin tarayya a Moses Singer kuma tsohon mai tuhumar SEC, ya ba da shawarar cewa sassan jihohi a halin yanzu sun fi dacewa da sarrafa waɗannan kasuwanni saboda yawancin ma'aikatansu idan aka kwatanta da hukumomin tarayya.

"A maimakon samun sashe na musamman a kowace jiha da mutane 10, 20, 30 ko fiye, za ku sami mutum ɗaya, ko biyu, wataƙila, a matakin tarayya waɗanda ko dai tsoffin ma'aikatan kasuwannin faɗakarwa ne ko a'a." - Howard Fischer, Abokin Tarayya a Moses Singer

Rashin tsaro game da raunin sa ido na tarayya na ci gaba da kasancewa ga kwararru da yawa. A halin yanzu, yawan ciniki a waɗannan dandamali na fashewa yayin da masu amfani ke yin fare kan komai daga sakamakon zaɓe zuwa hauhawar farashin ruwan kasuwancin bankin tsakiya. Dandandamali na ci gaba da cewa suna bayar da sabis na jama'a ta hanyar tattara basirar jama'a da kuma ba da hasashen da suka fi dacewa fiye da jajircewar al'ada. Duk da haka, ga masu tsara dokoki a Atlantic City da Las Vegas, waɗannan kasuwanni kamar abokan hamayya ne kai tsaye da ke ƙoƙarin guje wa ƙaƙƙarfan buƙatun karewa da haraji.

Me yasa hakan ke da mahimmanci ga 'yan wasan Jamus

A Jamus, yanayin ya fi bayyana saboda Yarjejeniyar Ƙungiyar Ƙasar kan Caca ta 2021 (GlüStV 2021). Masu samar da ramummuka na kan layi ko wasannin motsa jiki dole ne a jera su a cikin jerin sunayen hukumomi na Hukumar Caca ta Jihohi (GGL). Kasuwannin faɗakarwa da ke ba da fare kan abubuwan siyasa ko zamantakewa suna fuskantar manyan shinge a Jamus, saboda lissafin fare da aka yarda da su yana da iyaka sosai. Ga masu amfani da Jamus, rikicin Amurka yana aiki ne a matsayin gargaɗi: shiga tare da dandamali na waje kamar Kalshi ko Polymarket ba tare da lasisin GGL ba ana la'akari da caca ba bisa ka'ida ba. Waɗannan dandamali ba sa bin ka'idodin tsaro na Jamus, kamar iyakar kuɗin ajiya na Euro 1,000 a kowane wata, tsarin sa ido na LUGAS, ko iyakar fare na Euro 1 a kowane juyawa.

Abin da hakan ke nufi ga gidajen caca masu lasisin GGL

Gidajen caca da aka ba da lasisi na Jamus a halin yanzu ba su fuskantar wata barazana kai tsaye daga kwangilolin abubuwan da suka faru, saboda ba a sa ran GGL za ta amince da irin waɗannan samfuran hadaddun kasuwanci-caca. Duk da haka, lamarin da ya shafi Crypto.com da Robinhood ya nuna yadda layin tsakanin ciniki da caca ke narkewa a duniya. Masu gudanarwa masu lasisi a Jamus suna cin gajiyar yanayin doka da dandamali na Amurka ke rashin yanzu. Yayin da kotunan Amurka ke jayayya kan kariyar tarayya ko ta jiha, GlüStV 2021 na ba da tsarin da ya dace. Masu gudanarwa wadanda suka bi waɗannan dokoki masu tsauri suna kariya daga janye kasuwa kwatsam, kamar yadda aka gani a Nevada, muddin dai suna kula da ka'idojin karewar 'yan wasa.